Online Books (many relevant to this subject, but many not!)
http://digital.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/subjectstart?BL-BX
Beginner's Guide to the History of Science
http://www.horuspublications.com/guide/tc1.html
The Universe of Aristotle and Ptolemy
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/retrograde/aristotle.html
The Galileo
Project
http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/
Galileo's Battle for the Heavens (PBS)
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/galileo/
Timothy Moy, "Science, Religion, and the Galileo Affair" (Skeptical Inquirer)
http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m2843/5_25/77757768/print.jhtml
Galileo: Science & Religion (8 Lessons from International Catholic University)
http://icu.catholicity.com/c02900.htm
McElroy, "An Analysis of Galileo's Views of Religion and Science"
http://home.telepath.com/~wanderer/school/HSCI%203013%20-%20An%20Analysis%20of%20Galileo.pdf
Gingerich, Owen, "Did The Reformers Reject Copernicus?" (Christianity Today)
http://www.christianitytoday.com/ch/2002/004/7.22.html
The Trial of Galileo (SHIPS)
http://www1.umn.edu/ships/religion/galileo.htm
Flat Earth Mythology
http://www.stnews.org/Commentary-1069.htm
Conflict or Convergence? (Radio Netherlands)
http://www.rnw.nl/science/html/religion2000215.html
Galileo's Letter to Castelli
http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/m/x/mxw305/
Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, 1632
http://webexhibits.org/calendars/year-text-Galileo.html
See also the Galileo Galilei Museum in Florence's site: http://galileo.imss.firenze.it/museo/4/index.html
Jesuits and the Sciences
http://www.luc.edu/libraries/science/jesuits/index.html
Catalog of the Scientific Community in the 16th - 17th Centuries
http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Catalog/catalog.html
http://coldrain.net/lucas/newton.html
http://www.horuspublications.com/guide/ms114b.html
http://bertie.ccsu.edu/Phil135/Cosmology.html
Astronomy (University of Aberdeen)
http://www.abdn.ac.uk/physics/astro/
Enlightenment Thinkers: Online Books
http://www.blackmask.com/Enlightenment/index.html
See also the Religion and Science in the Age of Reason page